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Hazrat Imam Ali Naqi


Hazrat Imam Ali Naqi a.s
Asalamoalaka ya Imam Hadi Ali Naqi a.s.
 

Name - Ali
Title - An-Naqi and Al-Hadi
Kunyat - Abul Hassan
Born - Friday 15th of Zilhajj 212 A.H., at Surba
Father's Name - Mohammad ibn Ali
Mother's Name - Summana Khatoon
Died - At the age of 42 years, at Samarra , on Monday, 26th Jamadi-ul-Akhar 254 AH. Poisoned by Mu'taz the Abbaside Caliph
Buried - at Samarra, Baghdad.

Hazrat Imam Ali un Naqi (a.s), a brief look into his Life




Parents, Birth & Childhood

Imam Ali un Naqi (a.s.)'s mother was a very pious lady who spent her whole life fasting. The 10th Imam has said that his mother was one of the ladies of paradise and one of those from 'Ahlul Haqq' (people of truth).

Imam Ali un Naqi (a.s.) became an Imam at the age of 8 years. The khalifa wrote to the governor of Medina asking him to send the young Imam to a person called Junaydi for tutorage (the governor of Madina was threatened that if he did not do this than the people of Madina would be annihilated). Junaydi was a well known poet of that time and 'anti - Ahlulbayt' and was 80 years old. The Khalifa felt that if this was done than anything that the Imam did or said could be attributed to Junaydi i.e. it was taught to Imam by Junaydi. When Junaydi was once asked about the progress of his student he said :

"I am the student and he is the teacher. I now know what knowledge is. What I say is because of what I have been taught by Imam".
The Khalifa's plan had failed yet again.

For a while the Khalifa left Imam in peace and freedom as they were engrossed in sorting out their own affairs (Removing the Iranians from power; adding the Turks and establishing power in Samarra). Imam used the time to open Madrasas and the atmosphere in the mosque of the Prophet was once again like in the time of the 6th Imam Ja'fer As-Sadiq (a.s.)

Imamate - His Life & Works

Imam Ali un Naqi (as) served the longest period of Imamate (besides the 12th Imam) - 34 years which can be divided into two parts - 17 years of freedom and 17 years under arrest.

In 234 a.h. came one of the most tyrannical rulers of the Abbasid Khilafate - Mutawakkil. He ruled with tyranny, killing, looting and terrorising especially those who were the followers of Ahlulbayt. Mutawakkil is also the one who ordered the desecration of the grave of Imam Husayn (a.s.) wanting to remove Imam's body and burn it (He did not succeed). He tried running water over the grave so no traces of the grave would remain but was unsuccessful. He ordered that all those wanting to visit Kerbala would have their fingers cut off, then hand and feet cut then only be able to go if one other from the family was killed. Imam still asked Shias to visit Kerbala. When Mutawakkil saw that all had failed and it did not discourage the visits than he banned all visits to Kerbala completely.

Mutawakkil called Imam to Samarra. Imam was called under the pretext of respect and love towards him. Imam was aware of Mutawakkil's intentions but went knowing that this would be an opportunity to show the Turks too what true Islam was. On arriving in Samarra the Turkish spies sent with Imam were amazed at Imam's knowledge of the Turkish language when he had never visited the Turks before.

It was an opportunity for Imam to prepare the Mu'mineen in Samarra for ghaibat. Imam was put up in an Inn which was meant for beggars, destitute and criminals. From this Inn he was removed and put into the custody of an evil man called Zarraqui (who changed to be an avid supporter of Imam) and then a man called Seyyid.

Mutawakkil knew of the progress Imam had made in Madina in 14 years of spreading knowledge. In fact he himself had to ask Imam when the Caesar of Rome wrote to him (Mutawakkil) to ask him:

"I have heard that there is a chapter of a divinely revealed book which does not contain the letters ( t d k S X ) and if this chapter is recited it grants the reciter paradise! I would like to know which chapter and in which book and why these letters are not present".
Mutawakkil's 'Ulema' were confused and eventually Mutawakkil turned to Imam. Imam told him that the chapter was Suratul Fatiha in the Qur'an and the above letters were not present because it was a chapter of mercy and each of the above letters represented words of Adhab (punishment) or Ghadhab (anger of Allah).
e.g.*- jaheem (hell), *- khusr (loss), *- zaqqum (fruit of Jahannam)

Mutawakkil seeing that he could not humiliate Imam in any way, he announced his arrival in Samarra as Ibnur Ridha (son of 8th Imam) and subjected him to things such as handing him a glass of wine in his hands in his court, asking him to sing, making him run in front of his (Mutawakkil's) carriage..etc. Imam Hasan Al-Askery (a.s.) was placed under separate house arrest than his father at the young age of 5 years as Mutawakkil did not want the birth of the 12th Imam.

Whilst under house arrest Imam Ali An-Naqi (a.s.) arranged for the coming of Bibi Nargis to Samarra and for her to be well versed in Fiqh by his learned sister Bibi Hakima.

Imam spent his life making the imminent ghaibat of the 12th Imam easier. Soon after, Mutawakkil was killed by his own son who could not withstand the behaviour of his father.

After Mutawakkil's death his son Muntasir was the successor and he lifted the restrictions of visiting Kerbala. His rule was unlike his father's tyranny but remained in power for only 6 months and died at the age of 25 years. Then came Mustan Billah (Ahmed bin Mo'tasam) followed by Mo'taz Billah who continued his tyranny on Imam and his followers.

Martyrdom

Mo'taz arranged for the poisoning of Imam through an ambassador and Imam was martyred on Monday 3rd Rajab 254 a.h. nobody except Imam Hasan Askery (a.s.) was present at the time of his death. he gave his father ghusl and kafan and wept bitterly.

Children of Imam Ali Naqi (a.s.)

It is reported that Imam had 5 children

Imam Hasan Al-Askery (a.s.) the Eleventh Imam.
Husayn.
Muhammad (known as Syed Muhammad - Tomb near tomb of Balad).
Ja'fer.
Aaliya.


The Life of Imam
ALI bin Muhammad AL-HADI

By: Baqir Shareef al-Qurashi

Author: Baqir Shareef al-Qurashi
Translator: Abdullah al-Shahin
Publisher: Ansariyan Publications – Qum
First Edition 1429 -2005 - 1384
Thamin Al-a'immah Press
Quantity: 2000
Number of Pages: 280
Size: 162 x 229 mm
ISBN: 964-438-669-8

ALL RIGHTS RECORDED AND RESERVED FOR THE PUBLISHER



 Ansariyan Publications
P.O. Box 187
22 Shohada St., Qum
Islamic Republic of  Iran
Tel: 0098 251 7741744 Fax: 7742647
Email: ansarian@noornet.net

www.ansariyan.net & www.ansariyan.org

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 Dedication 4
 Introduction 13
 His birth and upbringing 19
  The origin and the birth
His father
His mother
Great newborn baby
Ceremonies of the birth
Birth date
His name
His surname
His epithets
His lineaments
His charm
His upbringing
His early genius
His gravity and reverence
The Alawids’ reverence towards him
Relation of the People of the Book to him
What authors say about him
19
19
20
21
21
22
22
23
23
24
25
27
28
29
30
31
32
Aspects of his personality 37
  Imamate
The need to imamate
Infallibility of the imams
The knowledge of the imams
Announcing his imamate
His generosity
His asceticism
Working in his farm
Guiding the deviant
Forbidding from associating with the Sufis
Honoring the ulama
His worship
His supplications in qunut
His supplication after the Fajr Prayer
His supplication after the Asr Prayer
The responding to his supplications
37
37
39
40
42
44
46
47
48
48
49
51
52
55
57
57
His knowledge and sciences 63
  Hadith
His traditions from the Prophet (a.s.)
His narrations from Ameerul Mo’minin
His narrations from Imam al-Baqir
His narrations from Imam as-Sadiq
His narrations from Imam Musa bin Ja’far
His narrations from Imam ar-Redha
Referring obscure traditions to the Ahlul Bayt
Contradictory traditions
Jurisprudence
Washing the dead
Offering the prayer in (cloths of) fur
Offering the prayer with man’s hair
Passing before a prayer
Offering prayer in the desert
Prostrating on glass
A conscious one is not to reoffer prayer
Offering qasr prayer in the travel to Mecca
Khums
Zakat
Fasting
Trade
Renting
Entailment
Foods
Judgment
Penalties
Disbelief of the excessive
Theological argumentations
The impossibility of seeing Allah
Impossibility of embodiment
Impossibility of describing Allah
Monotheism
Refuting of compulsion and free will
Samples from his supplications
His supplication (du’a) at distresses
His du’a at sleeping
The du’a of resorting
His du’a of seeking protection from Satan
A lofty du’a
His communes
His ziyarahs
Ziyarah of al-Ghadir
From the prophets’ stories
Noah and Iblis
Moses and Allah
A maxim from Jesus Christ
From the Islamic events
The virtue of the Prophet and Ali
The virtue of the ulama during the time of occultation
The virtue of patience
Pessimism towards days
Cleanness
Rarity of lawful income
Ignoring the fact of death
True repentance
The meaning of “rajeem”
Mob
Words of light
64
64
68
71
71
74
74
75
75
76
76
77
78
78
78
79
79
80
80
82
84
85
86
87
88
88
88
90
90
90
92
93
95
95
119
120
124
124
124
124
125
126
126
131
131
131
132
132
133
134
134
135
136
136
136
138
138
138
138
His companions and the narrators of his traditions 143
Imam al-Hadi in Samarra’ 193
  In Yathrib
Betraying the Imam
Frustrating the plot
The letter of al-Mutawakkil to Imam al-Hadi
The worry of the people of Medina
Searching the Imam’s house
Sending the imam to Surra Man Ra’a
In Khan as-Sa’alik
The meeting between the Imam and al-Mutawakkil
Al-Mutawakkil refers to the Imam’s fatwas
Al-Mutawakkil and poets
Al-Mutawakkil invites ibn as-Sikkit to try the imam
The questions of Yahya bin Aktham
His visiting to the tomb of Ameerul Mo'minin
Invoking the shrine of Imam Husayn
Breaking into the Imam’s house
Al-Bat~hawi informs against the Imam
The blockade against the imam
Imprisoning the imam
A vain attempt to assassinate the imam
Al-Mutawakkil despises the imam
The imam’s prayer against al-Mutawakkil
The death of al-Mutawakkil
Al-Muntasir
Executing the plot
The rule of al-Muntasir
With the Alawids
The permission of visiting the tomb of Imam Ali
Annulling the interdict of visiting the tomb of Imam Husayn
His death
The reign of al-Musta’een
His wasting and lavishness
The deposition of al-Musta’een
193
194
195
195
196
197
197
198
198
199
201
202
204
210
212
214
216
217
218
219
220
222
226
226
227
228
229
229
229
230
230
231
231
The age of the Imam 233
  Political life
The prevailing of the Turks on the rule
Ignorance of the Turks
Corruption of the rule
The walis of the Islamic districts
The hatred towards the Abbasid rule
Oppressing the Alawids
Economical blockade
Gifting monies to disparage the Alawids
Jailing the Alawids
The revolt of Martyr Yahya
Destroying the tomb of Imam Husayn
Forbidding Muslims from visiting al-Husayn
Complaint of Muslims
Economical life
The waste of al-Mutawakkil
Celebrating the homage to his sons
Bondmaids
Palaces
Gifts to the poets
The general economical life
Land tax
General misery
The religious life
Heresies and errors
The heresies of ibn Hasakah
The Imam disavows him
The heresies of al-Fihri
Interpreting the obligations
The Imam warns against them
Causes of extremism
With the Waqifites
The creation of the Qur'an
The life of amusement
Wining
Debauchery
233
233
234
235
236
237
237
238
239
239
240
241
243
244
244
245
246
247
247
250
252
252
253
253
253
254
254
255
255
256
257
258
258
259
259
260
To the Paradise 261
  The assassination
The next imam
To Paradise
Processions of escort
In the last abode
The date of his death
262
263
263
263
264
264
The ziyarah of Imam Ali al-Hadi (a.s) 265
  The Common Ziyarah of Imam al-Hadi and Imam al-Askari 276

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